NOU 2008: 17

Skift og turnus – gradvis kompensasjon for ubekvem arbeidstid— Skift/turnusutvalget 2007–2008

Til innholdsfortegnelse

Referanseliste

Arbeidstidsbilaget av 1976 og 1986

NOU 1979:56 Skift- og turnusarbeid

NOU 1992:20 Det gode arbeidsmiljøet er lønnsomt for alle

NOU 2004:5 Et arbeidsliv for trygghet, inkludering og vekst

Ot.prp.nr.16 (1974-1975) om lov om endring i lov av 7. desember 1956 nr. 2 om arbeidervern

Ot.prp.nr.29 (1975-1976) om endringer i arbeidervernloven mv.

Ot.prp.nr.43 (1975-1976) i om endringer i arbeidervernloven

Ot.prp.nr.41 (1975-1976) om arbeidstid, oppsigelsesvern, arbeidstilsyn m.v. i lov om arbeidervern og arbeidsmiljø

Ot.prp.nr.49 (2004-2005) om lov om arbeidsmiljø, arbeidstid og stillingsvern mv. (arbeidsmiljø­loven)

Innst.O. nr. 100 (2004-2005) Innstilling fra kommunalkomiteen om lov om arbeidsmiljø, arbeidstid og stillingsvern mv. (arbeidsmiljøloven)

Kapittel 2:

ECON: Endret definisjon av sammenlignbar turnus – personalmessige konsekvenser i kommunene. ECON – notat nr. 2006-080.

Kapittel 4.3:

Ahlborg G Jr, Axelsson G, Bodin L. Shift work, ­nitrous oxide exposure and subfertility among Swedish midwives . International Journal of Epidemiology 1996;25(4):783-90.

Ahlborg G Jr, Axelsson G, Bodin L. Shift work, nitrous oxide exposure, and spontaneous abortion among Swedish midwives . Occupational & Environmental Medicine 1996;53(6):374-8.

Bisanti L, Olsen J, Basso O, Thonneau P, Karmaus W. Shift work and subfecundity: a European multicenter study. European Study Group on Infertility and Subfecundity . Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine 1996;38(4):352-8.

Bohle P, Tilley AJ. The impact of night work on psychological well-being . Ergonomics 1989;32(9): 1089-99.

Bonde JP, Andersen JH, Frost P, Kaergaard A, ­Kolstad HA, Thulstrup AM. Helbredsundersøgelser ved natarbejde . Ugeskrift for Læger 2007;169(21): 2005-7.

Bonzini M, Coggon D, Palmer KT. Risk of prematurity, low birthweight and pre-eclampsia in relation to working hours and physical activities: a systematic review . Occupational & Environmental Medicine 2007;64(4):228-43. Epub 2006 Nov 9.

Bøggild, H. & Knutsson, A. Shift work, risk factors and cardiovascular disease . Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health 1999;25, 85–99.

Conlon M, Lightfoot N, Kreiger N. Rotating shift work and risk of prostate cancer . Epidemiology 2007;18 : 182–3.

Costa, G. The impact of shift and night work on health . Applied Ergonomics 1996; 27: 9–16. 

Costa G, Folkard S & Harrington, JM. Bokkapittel i Hunter"s diseases of occupations ; eds: Baxter JP & Hunter , D: London: Arnold; 9th ed, 2000.

Davis S, Mirick DK. Circadian disruption, shift work and the risk of cancer: a summary of the evidence and studies in Seattle. Cancer Causes & Control 2006;17: 539–45.

Fujino Y, Iso H, Tamakoshi A, Inaba Y, Koizumi A, Kubo T, Yoshimura T; Japanese Collaborative Cohort Study Group. A prospective cohort study of shift work and risk of ischemic heart disease in Japanese male workers. American Journal of Epidemiology 2006;164(2):128-35. Epub 2006 May 17.

Hansen J. Increased breast cancer risk among women who work predominantly at night. Epidemiology. 2001; 12:74–7.

Hatch MC, Figa-Talamanca I, Salerno S. Work stress and menstrual patterns among American and Italian nurses . Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health 1999 Apr;25(2):144-50.

Harrington JM. Health effects of shift work and extended hours of work . Occupational & Environmental Medicine 2001; 58:68_72.

Hermansson J, Gillander Gådin K, Karlsson B, Lindahl B, Stegmayr B, Knutsson A. Ischemic stroke and shift work . Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health 2007; 33(6):435-9.

Härmä M, Ilmarinen J, Knauth P. Physical fitness and other individual factors relating to the shiftwork tolerance of women . Chronobiology International 1988;5(4):417-24.

Härmä, M. I., Ilmarinen, J., Knauth, P., Rutenfranz, J., & Hänninen, O. (1988a). Physical training intervention in female shift workers: I. The effects of intervention on fitness, fatigue, sleep, and psychosomatic symptoms. Ergonomics , 31(1), 39-50.

Härmä M. Sleepiness and shiftwork: individual differences . Journal of Sleep Research 1995;4(S2):57-61.

Härmä M, Sallinen M, Ranta R, Mutanen P, Müller K. The effect of an irregular shift system on sleepiness at work in train drivers and railway traffic controllers . Journal of Sleep Research 2002;11(2): 141-51.

Kolstad HA. Nightshift work and risk of breast cancer and other cancers – a critical review of the epidemiologic evidence . Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environmental & Health 2008;34(1):5-22.

Knutsson A, Akerstedt T, Jonsson BG, Orth-Gomer K. Increased risk of ischaemic heart disease in shift workers. The Lancet. 1986;2(8498):89-92.

Knutsson A. Health disorders of shift workers . Occupational Medicine (London) 2003;53(2):103-8.

Knutsson, A., Hammar, N., & Karlsson, B. Shift workers" mortality scrutinized . Chronobiology International 2004;21(6);1049-1053.

Kuhn G. Circadian rhythm, shift work, and emergency medicine . Annals of Emergency Medicine 2001 Jan;37(1):88-98.

Kubo T, Ozasa K, Mikami K, Wakai K, Fujino Y, Watanabe Y, et al. Prospective cohort study of the risk of prostate cancer among rotating-shift workers: findings from the Japan collaborative cohort study . American Journal of Epidemiology 2006;164:549–55.

Lie JA, Roessink J, Kjaerheim K. Breast cancer and night work among Norwegian nurses . Cancer Causes & Control. 2006;17(1):39-44.

Peter R, Alfredsson L, Knutsson A, Siegrist J, Westerholm P. Does a stressful psychosocial work environment mediate the effects of shift work on cardiovascular risk factors? Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health 1999;25(4):376-81.

Pietroiusti A, Forlini A, Magrini A, Galante A, Coppeta L, Gemma G, Romeo E,

Bergamaschi A. Shift work increases the frequency of duodenal ulcer in H pylori infected workers. Occupational & Environmental Medicine 2006;63(11):773-5.

Poole CJ, Evans GR, Spurgeon A, Bridges KW. Effects of a change in shift work on health. Occupational Medicine (Lond). 1992 Nov;42(4):193-9.

Megdal SP, Kroenke CH, Laden F, Pukkala E, Schernhammer ES. Night work and breast cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European Journal of Cancer. 2005;41:2023–32.

Medalie, JH, Stange, K C, Zyzanski, S J. & Goldbourt U. The importance of biopsychosocial factors in the development of duodenal ulcer in a cohort of middle-aged men . American Journal of Epidemiology 1992;136:1280-1287.

Mozurkewich EL, Luke B, Avni M, Wolf FM. Working conditions and adverse pregnancy outcome: a meta-analysis . Obstetrics & Gynecology 2000;95(4):623-35.

O’Leary ES, Schoenfeld ER, Stevens RG, Kabat GC, Henderson K, Grimson R, et al. k. American Journal of Epidemiology 2006;164:358–66.

Sakata K, Suwazono Y, Harada H, Okubo Y, Kobayashi E, Nogawa K. The relationship between shift work and the onset of hypertension in male Japanese workers . Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine. 2003;45(9):1002-6.

Sallinen M, Härmä M, Mutanen P, Ranta R, Virkkala J, Müller K. Sleep-wake rhythm in an irregular shift system . Journal of Sleep Research 2003;12(2):103-12.

Schernhammer ES, Laden F, Speizer FE, Willett WC, Hunter DJ, Kawachi I, et al. Rotating night shifts and risk of breast cancer in women participating in the nurses’ health study . Journal of National Cancer Institute 2001;93:1563–8.

Schernhammer ES, Laden F, Speizer FE, Willett WC, Hunter DJ, Kawachi I, et al. Night-shift work and risk of colorectal cancer in the nurses’ health study . Journal of National Cancer Institute 2003;95:825–8.

Schernhammer ES, Kroenke CH, Laden F, Hankinson SE. Night work and risk of breast cancer . Epidemiology 2006;17(1):108-11.

Schwartzbaum J, Ahlbom A, Feychting M. Cohort study of cancer risk among male and female shift workers . Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health 2007;33(5):336–43.

Scott AJ. Shift work and health . Primary Care 2000;27(4):1057-79.

Segawa K, Nakazawa S, Tsukamoto Y, Kurita Y, Goto H, Fukui A, Takano K. Peptic ulcer is prevalent among shift workers . Digestive Diseases and Sciences 1987;32(5):449-53.

Shields M. Shift work and health . Health Reports 2002;13(4):11-33.

Smith CS, Folkard S, Fuller J. Shiftwork and working hours . Bokkkapittel i Occupational Health Psychology 2003. Eds: Campbell Quick J & Tetrick LE. American Psychological Assosiation. Washington,DC.

Spencer MB, Robertson KA, Folkard S, The development of a fatigue/risk index for shiftworkers. Research report 2006;446. HSE books. Health and safety Executive report 2006/6, Norwich.

Stevens RG. Electric power use and breast cancer: a hypothesis. American Journal of Epidemiology 1987;125(4):556-61.

Suwazono Y, Dochi M, Sakata K, Okubo Y, Oishi M, Tanaka K, Kobayashi E, Nogawa K. Shift Work Is a Risk Factor for Increased Blood Pressure in ­Japanese Men . A 14-Year Historical Cohort Study. Hypertension 2008 Jul 14. [Epub ahead of print;

Tenkanen L, Sjöblom T, Kalimo R, Alikoski T, Härmä M. Shift work, occupation and coronary heart disease over 6 years of follow-up in the Helsinki Heart Study . Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health 1997;23(4):241-2.

Tenkanen L, Sjöblom T, Härmä M. Joint effect of shift work and adverse life-style factors on the risk of coronary heart disease . Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health 1998;24(5):351-7.

Tüchsen F, Hannerz H, Burr H. A 12 year prospective study of circulatory disease among Danish shift workers . Occupational & Environmental Medicine 2006;63(7):451-5. Epub 2006 May 30.

Tuntiseranee P, Olsen J, Geater A, Kor-anantakul O. Are long working hours and shiftwork risk factors for subfecundity? A study among couples from southern Thailand . Occupational & Environmental Medicine 1998;55(2):99-105.

van Amelsvoort LGPM, Jansen NWH., Swaen GMH., van den Brandt, PA., Kant I.: Direction of shift rotation among three-shift workers in relation to psychological health and work-family conflict . Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health 2004;30(2):149-156.

Viswanathan AN, Hankinson SE, Schernhammer ES.: Night shift work and the risk of endometrial cancer . Cancer Research 2007 ;67(21):10618-22.

Whelan EA, Lawson CC, Grajewski B, Hibert EN, Spiegelman D, Rich-Edwards JW.: Work schedule during pregnancy and spontaneous abortion . Epidemiology. 2007;18(3):350-5.

Yadegarfar G, McNamee R.: Shift work, confounding and death from ischaemic heart disease. Occupational & Environmental Medicine 2008;65(3):158-63. Epub 2007 May 3.

Zhu JL, Hjollund NH, Boggild H, Olsen J.: Shift work and subfecundity: a causal link or an artefact ? Occupational & Environmental Medicine 2003;60(9):E12.

Zhu JL, Hjollund NH, Andersen AM, Olsen J.: Shift work, job stress, and late fetal loss: The National Birth Cohort in Denmark . Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine 2004;46(11): 1144-9.

Zober A, Schilling D, Ott MG, Schauwecker P, Riemann JF, Messerer P.: Helicobacter pylori infection: prevalence and clinical relevance in a large company. Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine 1998;40(7):586-94.

Åkerstedt T.: Shift work and disturbed sleep/wakefulness. Sleep Medicine Reviews 1998;2(2):117-28.

Åkerstedt T.: Shift work and disturbed sleep/wakefulness . Occupational Medicine (Lond). 2003;53(2): 89-94. Review.

Åkerstedt T.: Shift work and sleep disorders. Sleep. 2005;28(1):9-11.

Kapittel 4.4:

Tüchsen F, Christensen KB, Lund T.: Shift work and sickness absence . Occupational Medicine (London). 2008 Jun; 58(4):302-4. Epub 2008 Mar 15.

Kapittel 4.5:

Abrahamsen B., Holte, K.A., Laine M. and Josephson M. (2008): Reduced hours employment and work-life balance in Nordic Nursing Profession. Upublisert paper. Oslo: Senter for Profesjonsstudier, HiO.

Albertsen K., Kauppinen K., Grimsmo A., Sørensen B.Aa.,Rafnsdottir G.L. og Tomasson K. (2007a): Working time arrangements and social consequencies – What do we know? TemaNord 2007:607. København: Nordic Council of Ministers

Albertsen K., Søndergaard T. og Pejtersen J. (2007b): Lange og skæve arbejdstider – kan øget indflydelse bedre balancen? Tidsskrift for arbeidsliv, 9(1):61-79.

Bondevik K., Haukenes I. og Moen B.E. (2005): Er helsemessige og sosiale konsekvenser av helkontinuerlig skiftarbeid og turnusarbeid forskjellige? En litteraturstudie. Bergen: Universitetet i Bergen/UNIFOB.

Clissold G.,Smith P.,Accutt B.,og Di Mila L (2002): A study of female nurses combining partner and parent roles with working continuous three-shift roster: the impact on sleep, fatique and stress. Contemp Nurse, 12:294-302.

Colligan M.j. og Rosa R.R. (1990): Shift work effects on social and family life. Occupational Medicine 5: 315-322.

Jansen N.W.H., KantI.J., Nijhus F.J.N., Swaen G.M.H og Kristensen T.S. (2004). Impact of worktime arrangementson work-home interference among Dutch employees . Scand J Work Environ Health 30:139-148.

Presser H.B. (2000) Nonstandard work schedules and marital instability. Journal of Marriage and the Family 62:93-110.

Simon M., Kummerling A., Hasselhorn H-M. og Next_Study Group (2004). Work-home Conflict in the European Nursing Profession . Int J Occup Environ Health, 10:384-391.

Skipper J.K, Jung F.D. and Coffey L.C. (1990): Nurses and shiftwork: effects on physical health and mental depression, J Adv Nurs, 15:835-842.

Strazdins L.,Korda R.J., Lim L.L.,Broom D.H.,og D’Souza R.M. (2004). Around- the- clock: parent work schedules and children’s well- being in a 24-h economy. Soc Sci Med, 59_1517-1527.

Sørensen K.H. (1982). Den vanskelige arbeidstida? Rapport 82:3. Trondheim: Norsk institutt for sykehusforskning.

Thomas L.T og Ganster D.C. (1995): Impact of family-supportive work variables on work-family conflict and strain: A control perspective. Journal of Applied Psychology 80:6-15.

White L. og Keith B. (1990): The effect of shift work on the quality and stability of marital relations. Journal of Marriage and the Family. 52:453-462.

Kapittel 5:

Abrahamsen, B. (2002): Hvorfor utdanne to pleiere for å få en? En studie av yrkesløpet til hjelpepleiere og sykepleiere. Oslo: Unipax.

Abrahamsen, B. (2007): Female professionals’ working hours in the welfare state services. Ergonomia, 29 (3-4):193-197.

Abrahamsen, B. (2008): Kvinners karrieremønster – et spørsmål om preferanser? Foredrag. Senter for profesjonsstudier, UiO. Oslo

Abrahamsen, B. (2002): Heltid eller deltid? Kvinners arbeidstid i kvinnedominerte og mannsdominerte yrker. ISF-rapport 2002-6. Institutt for samfunnsforskning, Oslo

Askildsen, Jan Erik, Baltagi Badi H. and Holmås, Tor Helge (2003): Wage policy in the health care sector: a panel data analysis of nurses" labour supply, Health Economics, 12, 2003

Bergen kommune (2007): Rapport fra arbeidsgruppen – uønsket deltid . Byrådsavdelingen for helse og omsorg. Notat.

Drange, I. og Amble, N. (2008): Kartlegging av deltidsarbeid i Drammen kommune – pleie og omsorgssektoren . Afi-notat 3/2008. Arbeidsforskningsinstituttet, Oslo.

Eeg-Henriksen, F. (2005): 100 års ensomhet? Norge og Sverige 1905 – 2005. Ulike som to dråper vann? Magasinet, Statistisk sentralbyrå.

I Ellingsæter, A. L. og Solheim, J. (2002): Den usynlige hånd? Kjønnsmakt og moderne arbeidsliv. Makt og demokratiutredningen 1998 – 2003. Gyldendal Akademisk, Oslo.

Fevang, E. K., O. Raaum og T. Zhang (2004): Undersysselsatte i Norge: Hvem, hvorfor og hvor lenge? Rapport 7/2004. Frischsenteret, Oslo.

Halvoren, A., H.K. Lysgård og T. Olsen (2002): Når løsninger på arbeidsplassen blir nasjonale problemer. Om tidlig avgang fra arbeidslivet . FOU-rapport nr. 4 – Agderforskning.

Jensen, Ragnhild Steen og Aagot Elise Storvik (2006): Likelønn og kjønnssegregering: gamle tema, nye spørsmål. ISF Paper 2006:1. Institutt for samfunnsforskning, Oslo.

Kjeldstad, Randi (2006): Hvorfor deltid? Tidsskrift for samfunnsforskning 2006 nr 04

Kjeldstad, Randi (2004): Kvinner og menn jobber deltid av forskjellige årsaker. Magasinet , Statistisk sentralbyrå.

Kristiansand kommune (2008): Notat Heltid , Helse- og sosialdirektøren.

Moland, Leif E. og Heidi Gautun (2002): Deltid: Bidrag eller hemsko for fornyelse av pleie- og omsorgssektoren? Fafo-rapport 395. Oslo.

Nergaard, Kristine (2004): Atypisk arbeid – Midlertidige ansettelser og deltidsarbeid i Norge . Fafo-rapport 430, Oslo.

Skjeie og Teigen (2003): Menn imellem . Makt og demokratiutredningen 1998 – 2003. Gyldendal Akademisk, Oslo.

Trondheim kommune (2007): Heltid en rettighet, deltid en mulighet. Noen foreløpige funn 11.7.2007 . Trondheim kommune, Utviklingstjenesten.

Vabø, M. (2008): Omsorgshverdagen i Norden – likheter og forskjeller speilet gjennom personalets perspektiv. Upublisert materiale, med resultater fra NordCare undersøkelsen Foredrag, Fagkonferansen EPN, Ålesund

Kapittel 8:

Bjørnstad, Roger, Hammersland, Roger og Holm Inger: Arbeid og fritid – prioriteringer i det 21. århundre Makroøkonomiske konsekvenser ved redusert arbeidstid. SSB Rapporter. 2008/18 Oslo.

Bjørnstad m. fl: Tilbud og etterspørsel etter arbeidskraft etter utdanning, 1986-2025 SSB Rapport 2008/29 Oslo

Texmon og Stølen: Arbeidsmarkedet for helse- og sosialpersonell fram mot 2025 SSB Rapporter 2005/38 Oslo

Til forsiden